Biology STAAR (State of Texas Assessments of Academic Readiness) Practice Test

What is mutualism?

1. A relationship where one species benefits at the expense of another

2. A relationship where both species benefit

3. A relationship where one species is unaffected

4. A relationship based on competition

The correct answer is: A relationship where both species benefit

Mutualism is described as a relationship where both species benefit from the interaction. This type of symbiotic relationship is crucial in various ecosystems and can take many forms, such as pollination, where bees help plants reproduce by transferring pollen while receiving nectar in return, or mycorrhizal associations, where fungi enhance plant nutrient uptake while receiving carbohydrates from the plant. This form of interaction emphasizes the interdependence of species in an ecosystem, highlighting how cooperation can lead to enhanced survival and reproductive success for both parties involved. The mutual benefits can influence populations, community structures, and even evolutionary processes, as species adapt to promote and maintain these beneficial relationships.