Biology STAAR (State of Texas Assessments of Academic Readiness) Practice Test

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Prepare for the Biology STAAR Exam with our interactive test. Utilize flashcards and multiple-choice questions with detailed explanations and hints. Ace your exam confidently!

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What is the main function of ribosomes?

Store genetic information
Replicate DNA
Synthesize proteins
Transport nutrients

The correct answer is: Synthesize proteins

Ribosomes are essential cellular structures primarily responsible for synthesizing proteins. They achieve this through a process called translation, where ribosomes read the sequence of messenger RNA (mRNA) and assemble amino acids into a polypeptide chain, ultimately forming a functional protein. This process is crucial for numerous cellular functions, including enzyme activity, structural support, and cell signaling. The other options do not accurately reflect the role of ribosomes. Storing genetic information is primarily the function of DNA within the nucleus. The replication of DNA is conducted by specialized enzymes, not ribosomes. While ribosomes can be involved in the process indirectly by producing proteins that may help in nutrient transport, their main and direct function is protein synthesis.